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5.2 Part Two The Decline of Feudalism and the Rise of the

Exercises for Part Two The Decline of Feudalism and the Rise of the English Bourgeoisie

I.Fill in the blanks

was the first king of the House of Plantagenet.

The reform of by Henry II led the emergence to common law.

The appearance of led to the founding of jury system in England.

Henry II planned to reform and this brought him to collision with Thomas Becket.

The Hundred Years’ War between Britain and France started in and ended in .

In view of , Edward III issued the Statute of Laborers, which prescribed the employers’ payment could not be increased, and the serfs were prohibited from leaving their original lands.

The cruelty of the tyrant Edward III sped up the anti-feudal movement and led to the in 1381.

Ten years after Henry II’s death ,his third and youngest son became king.

Henry II expanded the function of , which served as a financial organ, Chancery, and a decision-making court.

King John proposed a war against in 1213 so as to reconquer the lost territory.

The Great Charter was the first step of and .

The Great Charter laid down basic rules for English and American .

The Great Charter was signed in .

In 1284, placed Wales under English law and Edward I give his new-born the title ,a title held by the heir to the throne ever since.

Humanists in the period Renaissance advocated obeying and justifying everything, and emphasized the of the human world rather than the preaching in religion.

Francis Bacon attached importance to the study of nature, which indicated the characteristic of Renaissance in England changed from to .

As became the slogan of the humanists who claimed the right to liberty and individuality, turned out to be a feature of the Renaissance in England.

Feudalism came into being in England with the Norman Conquest in the century and showed clear signs of declining in the century.

The hundred Years’ War refers to the war between and from to .

The English king possessed half of what is now France, reducing France almost to an inland country.

The Hundred Years’ War was directly caused by the dispute over succession to the .

In 1351 the English government issued the which said it was a crime for peasants to ask for more wages.

While discontent was fermenting among the peasants, a group of Oxford reformers, known as the , demanded reform.

To purify social life, the Lollards tended to glorify thrift and criticize wasteful worldly pleasure, paving the way for the appearance of .

In 1381 the government imposed a of one shilling a head on the peasants to fund the Hundred Years’ War.

The War of Roses were fought between the two branches of the Plantagenet family : the and the .

The ending of the Wars of the Roses was seen as the ending of the .

After the ending of the War of the Roses, the ascended the throne.

The Tudor Monarchy was known as the because it was different from the previous monarchies.

was the first monarch of the Tudor Monarchy.

In the time of Elizabeth, the English navy defeated the Spanish .

Henry Ⅷ’s greatest contribution was that he started the in England.

The perform of the church in England coincided with the .

Henry’s reform was to cut England’s religious connection with the Pope, and to make an independent .

Henry Ⅷ was followed by his son Edward Ⅵ who carried out drastic religious reform known as in English history.

About 300 Protestants were burnt as heretics and Mary became known as .

Elizabeth was regarded as the of the British Empire which was going to take shape soon.

Until in the century, Parliament was divided into two chambers: and .

II.Translate the following terms into Chinese

Plantagenet Dynasty

trials by battle

jury system

Thomas Becket

Constitutions of Clarendon

crusade

trial by ordeal

Tabard Inn

Provisions of Oxford

country gentry

Salic law

commercial-minded gentry

the House of Lancaster

the badge of the house

Wycliffe

the Peasant Uprising

Sir Walter Scott

King Henry Ⅶ

Renaissance

Martin Luther

Anne Boleyn

Thomas More

Elizabeth I

English seadogs

William Caxton

James I of England

Ⅲ. Define the following terms.

1. The Great Charter

2. The Hundred Years’ War

3. The Wars of the Roses

4.Bloody Mary

5. The Church of England

Ⅳ.Multiple choice.

1. limited the power of the nobles who relied on their own military force to challenge the king authority, and consolidated the royal power.

A. William the Conqueror B. William II C. Henry I D. Henry II

2. In , the Great Council got the new name Parliament, as it was the first time for common

people to attend the council.

A. 1265 B. 1264 C. 1170 D. 1215

3. With the support of the new nobles and bourgeoisie, Henry Tudor came to the throne as

and started the Tudor Monarchy.

A. Henry II B. Henry VII C. Henry VIII D. Henry V

4. set up Privy Council, and began to carry out the reform in church.

A. Henry VII B. Henry I C. Henry VIII D. Henry VI

5. The Church of England was established during the reign of , with the King or Queen as the head, and broke away from the Roman Church.

A. Mary I B. Victoria C. Catherine D. Elizabeth I

6. In the period of Elizabeth I, the English East India Company was stablished in and

became the biggest company to deal with the Far East.

A. 1600 B. 1610 C. 1601 D. 1620

7. Thomas Moore’s prose writing the was the typical works in the English Renaissance.

A. Faerie Queen B. Utopia C. Paradise Lost D. Romeo and Juliet

8. Privy Council was officially set up in and composed of the chief officials.

A.1536 B. 1533 C. 1524 D. 1540

9. A deadly plague throughout the whole European and broke out in Britain in was called Black Death.

A. 1438 B. 1431 C. 1348 D. 1381

10. The characteristic of the Renaissance in England gradually changed from to materialism.